Expressionism, which emerged in the early 20th century in Germany, is an artistic movement focused on the subjective expression of emotions. Expressionist artists, such as Edvard Munch and Ernst Ludwig Kirchner, prioritize individual expression and the distortion of forms to convey intense feelings. The movement spans painting, sculpture, cinema, and literature, creating a dialogue between art and the human psyche. Expressionism played a key role in the development of modern art, foreshadowing later movements like abstraction and Surrealism.